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Chapter 1: Burden of Digestive Disorders
Cirrhosis due to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
As defined within GBD 2019, cirrhosis due to NAFLD includes a range of changes to the liver
from asymptomatic fat deposition in liver cells (non-alcoholic fatty liver), to fat deposition
with inflammation (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis), to compensated and decompensated
cirrhosis.1
From 2000-2019, age-standardised incidence rates have increased by around 6% (2 to 2.1 per
100,000) for the member countries combined, whilst age-standardised mortality rates have
in general remained stable at around 1.8 per 100,000 (Figure 32). These trends have
contributed to a 19% increase in age-standardised prevalence rates from 13,700 per 100,000
in 2000, to 16,238 per 100,000 in 2019. The total number of incident cases, deaths and
prevalent cases have also increased over time for the member countries combined, with the
total number of incident cases increasing by around 21% (19,550 to 23,731), total number of
deaths increasing by around 35% (20,330 to 27,505) and total number of prevalent cases
increasing by around 37% (140,121,495 to 192,200,551) from 2000-2019.
For the member countries combined, prevalence rates peak at ages 70-74 years for men and
75-79 years for women, but tend to also be high amongst those of working age (Figure 33).
Age-specific prevalence rates are higher for men across all age groups. For both sexes
combined, age-specific prevalence rates have increased from 2000-2019 across all age
groups, especially so amongst younger ages.
Amongst the member countries in 2019, age-standardised incidence rates range from 0.3 to
7.4 and 0.4 to 4.3 per 100,000 for women and men, respectively (Figure 34). Agestandardised
mortality rates range from 0.2 to 21 and 0.4 to 11 per 100,000 for women and
men, respectively, and age-standardised prevalence rates range from 4930 to 30,766 and
8876 to 37,963 per 100,000 for women and men, respectively (Figure 35; Figure 36).
Age-standardised DALY rates for both sexes combined range from 9 to 237 per 100,000
among the member countries (Figure 37). Egypt and countries within Central and Eastern
Europe and Western Asia have some of the highest age-standardised DALY rates amongst the
member countries. From 2000-2019, age-standardised DALY rates have increased for 18 out
of the 44 countries (41%). Most member countries within Central and Eastern Europe and
Western Asia have experienced percentage change increases in age-standardised DALY rates
from 2000-2019, whilst countries within Western Europe, Southern Europe and the Nordic
region have experienced decreases over time, with the exception of the UK and Finland.
White Book 2: Part 1
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