2019 Analysis of Workers' Compensation Laws - 24

Chart II-Coverage of Laws, cont.
Employment1 Covered
Jurisdiction

Private

Public

Exceptions2, 3

Special Coverage Provisions

Wyoming

Compulsory as to enumerated extrahazardous industries and occupations
conducted for gain. Elective as to
corporate officers.

Compulsory as to all state
employees (including employees
of the University of Wyoming),
counties, and municipal
corporations when engaged in
extra-hazardous work.

Casual employees, independent
contractors, private household workers,
federal employees, interstate trucking
without a fixed base in Wyoming, and sole
proprietors and partners.

Elective as to all nonrequired
industries and occupations. Specific
volunteers require coverage.

American
Samoa

Compulsory. Elective as to employers
with fewer than two employees
("minor employers").

Compulsory as to all public
employment.

Virgin
Islands

Compulsory as to all employment.
Elective as to partners and sole
proprietors.

Compulsory as to all public
employment.

FECA

If employee of "minor employer"
files a written complaint that such
employer is engaging in an occupation
that is hazardous to the employees,
the employer has to appear and show
cause to the commission as to why he
should not be liable for such coverage.
Casual and domestic employees and
volunteers for charitable organizations.

Voluntary as to exempt employers and
employees.

All civil employees of the U.S.
government, including wholly
owned instrumentalities.

Longshore
Act

Compulsory as to all maritime
employment nationwide, including
longshoring, harbor working,
shipbuilding, and ship repair.

Officers and employees of the
U.S. or any state or foreign
government are not covered.

Master or crew of any vessel and persons
unloading or repairing vessels of less
than 18 tons.22 Not applicable to maritime
employment in Puerto Rico.23

Act also applies to workers at military
bases and public workers abroad,
welfare and morale service workers
for military abroad, and workers
for non-appropriated funds (ship's
services, PX's, etc.) in the U.S. and
abroad.

Alberta

Compulsory as to all nonexempt
employment. Elective as to corporate
directors, employers, partners, and
sole proprietors.

Compulsory as to provincial
employees. Most school teachers
exempt.

Employments listed in Schedule A of the
Workers' Compensation Regulation.

Voluntary as to exempted employment
and corporate directors. Board may
include any individual or class by
order.

British
Columbia

Compulsory to all nonexempt
employment. Proprietors or partners
of an unincorporated business,
independent operators, the employed
spouse of a proprietor, or an exempt
nonresident may apply for personal
coverage.

Compulsory as to all federal,
provincial, and municipal
employees, including members
of fire brigade and ambulance
staff working with or without
remuneration.

Consulates and trade delegations from
foreign countries, some air transportation
firms from outside of British Columbia, the
Armed Forces, Royal Canadian Mounted
Police, elected officials, certain orderin-council appointments, professional
athletes, personal financial holding
companies, spouses involved in an
unincorporated business, some nonresident
employers and workers. Variances from
exemption may be requested in certain
circumstances.

Board may include persons engaged
as commercial fishers, in an
undertaking in the public interest,
in vocational or training programs,
or in work study programs or other
programs of self-improvement
involving work, inmates in workrelease programs, or forest
firefighters.

Manitoba

Compulsory as to all nonexempt
employment. Employers, directors, and
independent contractors may apply for
personal coverage. Exempt industries
may apply for optional coverage.
Family members of farm owners
exempt.

Compulsory as to municipal,
provincial, and federal workers.
Elective for industries or
employers on reserve land
and workers in colleges and
universities. Public or private
principals, vice principals, and
teachers are exempt.24

Outworkers and persons whose
employment is of a casual nature and
who are employed otherwise than for
the purposes of the employer's trade or
business.

Voluntary as to nonprofit and
charitable organizations and
individuals participating in work
experience or job-training programs.
Compulsory for domestics and
individuals who care for children
or the aged, infirm, or ill persons
for more than 24 hours a week.
Lieutenant Governor-in-Council may
exclude an industry, employer, or
workers.

New
Brunswick

Compulsory to all employers having
three or more workers; 25 or more
for the fishing industry. Elective for
nonsalaried officers and directors and
for employers for whom coverage is
not compulsory.

Compulsory to all municipal,
provincial, and federal public
employment. Armed forces and
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
excluded.

Outworkers, domestic servants, members
of the family of the employer residing with
the employer who are under 16 years of
age, persons who play sports as their main
source of income, and persons whose
employment is of a casual nature and
otherwise than for the purposes of the
industry.

Voluntary as to excepted employment;
Lieutenant Governor-in-Council may
regulate exclusion of industry in
which not more than stated number of
workers fixed by regulation are usually
employed.

24 | 2019 Analysis of Workers' Compensation Laws
2019 Analysis of Workers' Compensation Laws

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